What is a Mutual Fund?

Mutual fund is a professionally managed investment fund that pools investment from various investors and invests in capital assets to match the investor’s financial goals.

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Why invest in Mutual Funds?

Benefits of mutual funds

A mutual fund is a collection of investments made by individual investors and used to purchase securities in the capital market. The best part about mutual funds is that a team of experts along with the fund manager picks all the investments to build a portfolio.

With wide availability of mutual funds schemes, it is easier for an investor to choose the most suited scheme for their financial goals.

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Types of Mutual Funds

Equity Mutual Funds

Equity mutual funds invest at least 65% of their assets in listed companies across market capitalisations to earn higher returns than debt or hybrid mutual funds. These funds are suitable for investors having high to medium risk-appetite along with an investment horizon of more than 5 years.

Market Capitalization

Mutual Funds that invest based on the market capitalisation of companies.

Large Cap Funds

Invests in top 100 by market capitalisation.

Mid Cap Funds

Invests in rank 100-250 by market capitalisation.

Small Cap Funds

Invests in rank 250 and beyond, by market capitalisation.

Diversified Funds

These funds invest in stocks of companies across market capitalisations and have Large cap, mid cap and small cap equity exposure

Benefit

Mutual Funds based on specific benefits.

ELSS

Diversified equity funds for 80c tax deductions

Sectoral

Mutual Funds that invest in companies of specific sectors.

BFSI

Invests in banking and financial services sector.

Infra

These funds invest in the stocks of companies operating in mostly the infrastructure sector.

Pharma and Healthcare

Invests in pharma & healthcare sector.

Technology

Invests in IT and Technology sector.

Energy

Invests in energy and oil & gas sector.

Thematic

Mutual Funds that invest according to specific investment themes.

Consumption

Invests in companies with a consumption theme

MNC

Mutual Funds that invest in Multi-national companies.

ESG

Invests in companies with high ESG score.

Special Situations

This category has few funds and relatively small amounts invested in them.

Manufacturing

Invests in companies with a manufacturing theme.

Services

Invests in companies with a services theme.

Commodities

Invests in companies with a commodities theme.

Ethical

Invests in companies with high governance and ethical scores.

Quant

Invests based on quant based parameters.

PSU

Invests in PSU companies.

Debt Mutual Funds

Debt funds invest in fixed income generating instruments with lesser risk and lesser volatility like Certificate of deposit, Corporate Bonds, treasury bills, commercial paper, government securities. These funds are susceptible primarily to, credit, duration and interest rate risks. The idea investment duration for these funds is less than 5 years.

Credit Profile

Mutual Funds that invest according to underlying credit risk profile.

Credit Risk

Invests based on credit risk opportunities.

Gilt

Invests in long term government debt.

Gilt with 10 year constant duration

Invests in government debt of duration 10 years.

Underlying Profile

Mutual Funds that invest according to specific investment profiles.

Corporate Bond

Invests in corporate bonds issued by companies.

Banking and PSU

Invests in debt instruments issued by banks and PSUs.

Floater

Invests in floating rate debt instruments.

Duration Profile

Debt Funds that invest based on maturity duration of underlying investments.

Liquid

Invests in debt instruments of duration of up to 91 days.

Low Duration

Invests in debt instruments of duration of 6-12 months.

Ultra Short Duration

Invests in debt instruments of 3-6 months duration.

Overnight

Invests in debt instruments with a duration of 1 day.

Short Duration

Invests in short duration (1-3 year) debt instruments.

Medium Duration

Invests in medium duration (1-3 years) debt instruments.

Medium to Long Duration

Invests in medium and long term duration debt instruments.

Long Duration

Invests in long duration debt instruments.

Dynamic Bond

Invests in bonds across durations.

Money Market

Invests primarily in money market instruments.

International Funds

International funds, also known as overseas funds, invest in stocks of companies that are listed in international markets. These equity funds are risky but can provide exposure to the best companies in the world. They are suitable for investment duration of 7 years or more.

Regional – US

Invests in US Equity.

Regional – Others

Invests in international stocks.

Thematic

International Mutual Funds that invest according to specific themes.

Sectoral

International Mutual Funds that invest in companies of specific sectors.

Hybrid Mutual Funds

Hybrid funds are a type of mutual fund that offers diversification across asset classes. These funds invest in both equity and debt instruments. They can either be equity heavy or debt heavy depending on the type. They aim to offer a balance between equity based growth and debt based stability.

Risk Based

Hybrid Funds that invest according to specific risk profiles.

Aggressive Hybrid

Equity focused hybrid funds.

Conservative Hybrid

debt focused hybrid funds.

Dynamic Asset Allocation

Funds with asset allocation that can change with market conditions.

Asset Based

Mutual Funds that invest based on underlying asset class.

Arbitrage

Invests in price arbitrage opportunities.

Multi Asset Allocation

Invests in multiple asset classes

Equity Savings

Equity funds with small exposure to debt instruments.

Solution Oriented Funds

These are equity or debt oriented mutual funds that are designed to address specific needs such as retirement or child’s education and thus align to those specific goals. The may contain a mix of both equity and debt investments.

Children Fund

Long term funds designed for children’s education goals.

Retirement Fund

Long term funds designed for retirement goals.

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